Ansible 是业界主流的自动化运维工具，默认输出格式为人类可读的文本。但在与 CI/CD 系统、监控平台或自动化脚本集成时，JSON 格式的结构化输出更便于程序解析。本文以 CentOS 7 环境为例，详细介绍 Ansible 2.4.6 的离线安装方法及 JSON 输出配置。

核心内容包括：

1. 软件包安装：

   • 从官方仓库下载 ansible-2.4.6.0-1.el7.ans.noarch.rpm
   • 使用 yum localinstall 完成本地安装
   • 通过 ansible --version 验证安装结果

2. JSON 输出配置：

   • 查看可用回调插件：ansible-doc -t callback -l | grep json
   • 修改 /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg 配置文件：

     ini
     stdout_callback = json
     callback_whitelist = json, yaml
     bin_ansible_callbacks = True
     
     可选配置：指定 Python 解释器路径（interpreter_python）
     

3. 测试验证：

   • 执行 ansible -m ping 127.0.0.1，验证输出格式为 JSON
   • 输出内容包含 plays、tasks、stats 等结构化字段

本文适用于需要通过 Ansible 与外部系统（如 Jenkins、ELK、Prometheus）进行数据对接的运维开发人员。

官方地址

text
仓库：https://releases.ansible.com/ansible/rpm/release/epel-7-x86_64/
下载地址：https://releases.ansible.com/ansible/rpm/release/epel-7-x86_64/ansible-2.4.6.0-1.el7.ans.noarch.rpm

安装ansible-2.4.6的软件包

shell
wget https://releases.ansible.com/ansible/rpm/release/epel-7-x86_64/ansible-2.4.6.0-1.el7.ans.noarch.rpm
 
# yum本地安装
yum localinstall ansible-2.4.6.0-1.el7.ans.noarch.rpm -y
 
# 验证安装(ok)
[root@localhost local]# ansible --version
ansible 2.4.6.0
  config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = [u'/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 2.7.5 (default, Nov 16 2020, 22:23:17) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)]
 
# 验证功能(ok)
[root@localhost local]# ansible 127.0.0.1 -m ping
 [WARNING]: provided hosts list is empty, only localhost is available. Note that the implicit
localhost does not match 'all'
 
127.0.0.1 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false, 
    "failed": false, 
    "ping": "pong"
}

配置返回json格式数据

shell
# 展示可用的回调插件列表
ansible-doc -t callback -l|grep json

# 检查配置文件所在路径
ansible --version|grep 'config file'

# 编辑配置文件
vi /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg

# 新增配置（如果有则改，无则加）
stdout_callback = json
#### 确保 stdout_callback 在 whitelist 中
callback_whitelist = json, yaml
bin_ansible_callbacks = True

# 新增配置（非必须）
interpreter_python = /usr/local/python3/bin/python3

测试验证

shell
[root@localhost ~]# ansible -m ping 127.0.0.1
{
    "custom_stats": {},
    "global_custom_stats": {},
    "plays": [
        {
            "play": {
                "duration": {
                    "end": "2023-02-11T07:21:40.321582Z",
                    "start": "2023-02-11T07:21:40.244100Z"
                },
                "id": "000c29bc-d84f-3995-b8bc-000000000007",
                "name": "Ansible Ad-Hoc"
            },
            "tasks": [
                {
                    "hosts": {
                        "127.0.0.1": {
                            "action": "ping",
                            "changed": false,
                            "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password).",
                            "unreachable": true
                        }
                    },
                    "task": {
                        "duration": {
                            "end": "2023-02-11T07:21:40.321582Z",
                            "start": "2023-02-11T07:21:40.271688Z"
                        },
                        "id": "000c29bc-d84f-3995-b8bc-000000000009",
                        "name": "ping"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "stats": {
        "127.0.0.1": {
            "changed": 0,
            "failures": 0,
            "ignored": 0,
            "ok": 0,
            "rescued": 0,
            "skipped": 0,
            "unreachable": 1
        }
    }
}